Complete Mosquito Repellent & Insecticide Information

9/02/2010 - Optimized for Firefox 3.6.8

COPYRIGHT 1992 thru 2010 - David R. Woodsmall

I am NOT a Doctor - Consult a Travel Doctor

Use this information at your own risk - it may be outdated or wrong

I try to provide only accurate information - please report any inaccuracies

I am not responsible for what other web sites have to say or print

I Have NO medical training - YOU Do or do Not do things at YOUR OWN risk

Feel free to link to any of my pages

COLORS to WEAR and to AVOID and Other Precautions AFRICA - Traveler's Health Information MALARIA - especially in Kenya & South Africa

MOSQUITOS / MOSQUITOES - General Information

Mosquitoes - British (and most of the non-USA world) spelling Mosquitos - An American spelling of Mosquitoes - either is acceptable in the USA. Mozzies = Mosquitos (British: Mosquitoes) Mozzy = slang for Mosquito MOSQUITO INFORMATION "Black is the most attractive color to mosquitoes, followed closely by red. Greys and blues have neutral attractancy. Khaki, green, light khaki, and yellow are not attractive, with white being the least attractive color to mosquitoes." - mosquito.org Mosquito-Borne Diseases Mosquito information, their biology, life and how to control them Mosquito Information - barnstablecountyhealth mosquitoes101

Mosquito BITES - TREATING

Identify the Spider and Bug Bite & Treatments Tips For Treating Mosquito Bites - DrGreene.com Mosquito Bites - Treatment & Prevention Tips How to Treat Mosquito Bites How to Treat a Mosquito Bite - VIDEO Mosquito Bites and Allergies - Allergic Reactions to Mosquito Bites Over 40 Mosquito Bite Itch Relief Tips - TipNut.com 11 Natural Remedies for Treating Mosquito Bites - Natural Health Mosquito Bite Treatment - Mosquito Bites - Insect Bites Mosquito Bites - Bite Treatment Mosquito Bite Treatment Mozzy bites - Forum - britishexpats.com

MOSQUITO REPELLENTS & INSECTICIDES

I have not yet researched this, but people swear that taking multiple B vitamins (prior and during your safari) make you less attractive to mosquitoes. Poisoning by Insecticides Protection Times of Insect Repellents Will Garlic, Bananas, Or Vitamin-B Repel Mosquitoes?: "There is no scientific evidence that eating garlic, vitamins, onions, or any other food will make a person repellent to mosquitoes. The attractant level of each individual to biting arthropods is based on a complex interaction of many chemical and visual signals. Certain foods in certain individuals may effect their individual attractiveness to biting arthropods, for better or for worse." - Mosquito Repellents - EDIS - ufl.edu EPA recommends the following precautions when using insect repellents 6 insect repellents get high marks - WebMD * Off Deep Woods Sportsmen II; 30% DEET; cost: $1.25 an ounce - THEY BITE ME, ANYWAY - DRW * Cutter Backwoods Unscented; 23% DEET; cost: $1.33 per ounce. * Off FamilyCare Smooth & Dry; 15% DEET; cost: $1.63 an ounce. * 3M Ultrathon Insect Repellant 8; 25% DEET; $1.67 per ounce. Contains 25% OR 33% DEET in a controlled release polymer. Moisture resistant. 2 oz. tube * Repel Plant Based Lemon Eucalyptus; active ingredient oil of lemon eucalyptus; cost: $1.94 an ounce. NOT TESTED NOR RECOMMENDED (because not tested) FOR USE OUTSIDE THE USA. * Natrapel 8-Hour with picaridin; 20% picaridin; cost: $2.00 an ounce. "Both the Picaridin and the Polyethylene glycol are petroleum based (Oily) chemicals, which if left on for long periods may contribute to acne." - Tender Corp "On a good note Natrapel 8hr contains almost 30% ethyl alcohol which has a drying effect and is anti-bacterial. This may help negate any of the others bad side effects." - Tender Corp, the manufacturers of Natrapel. Natrapel's Site - ditchthedeet.com Natrapel, produced by the Tender Corporation. Javelina's Full Review: Natrapel Mosquito Repellents: What Works - WebMD Insect repellent - Wikipedia "For protection against mosquitoes, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control issued a statement in May 2008 recommending equally DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus and IR3535 for skin". Repellents at REI 4291 The Circle at North Hills Raleigh, NC 27609 (919) 571-5031 M-F 10 am - 9 pm Saturday 10 am - 9 pm Sunday 11 am - 6 pm PRICES AT MY LOCAL REI STORE IN JULY, 201O: 3M Ultrathon 25% DEET - 2 Oz - $ 10.50 Ben's 100% DEET (98.x%) 1.25 Oz - $ 6.00 Repel Lemon Euclyptus - 4 Oz $ 7.75 Repel Permethrin Clothing spray $ 6.75 (darn - I forget what size) Natrapel Picaridin 20% Insect Repellent - 3.5 Oz - $ 7.81 at store, $ 6.95 online Natrapel Picaridin 20% spray Sawyer Products - Insect Repellents HOME PAGE - Airline Approved Sawyer Jungle Juice 100% DEET (98.11%) - 2.5 Oz - $ 7.00 Sawyer Premium Permethrin (for Clothes, Netting) - 24 Oz - $ Sawyer Premium Sunblock with (IR3535) Insect Repellent - 3 oz - $ 8 SPF 30 - Hypoallergenic formula won't clog your pores.

ALLETHRIN - Repellent - a Pyrethroid

Used in "mosquito coils"

Allethrin Allethrin - Wikipedia Allethrin - Cornell EDU Allethrin Fact Sheet - PDF Allethrin - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information EXTOXNET PIP - ALLETHRIN Trade names for allethrin include Alleviate, Pynamin, d-allethrin, d-cisallethrin, Bioallethrin, Esbiothrin, Pyresin, Pyrexcel, Pyrocide and trans-allethrin. allethrin data sheet Allethrin stereoisomers - Pesticides - US EPA

CATNIP - Repellent

Do NOT use Catnip around wild cats, especially lions, tigers, bobcats,... Catnip Repllent - mosquitosolutions.com How to Make Catnip Mosquito Repellent - eHow.com Catnip as Mosquito Repellent

CITRONELLA - p-methane-3,8-diol - Repellent

I believe (my opinion) that Citronella is much too weak to do ME any good, but lots of people do burn Citronella candles near their outside location. Citronella is certainly too ineffective for a safari. Citronella has been proven to be of some benefit in repelling mosquitoes.

CONCEAL (Linalool 95.54%) - is an inhibitor, not a repellent

Conceal is supposed to block the the the ability of the mosquito to "smell" humans, so they can not target their victims. Linalool Summary - US EPA - Linalool Summary Document - PDF Conceal Candles Linalool - Wikipedia "linalool is also used by pest professionals as a flea & cockroach insecticide." "Between 5-7% of patients undergoing patch testing in Sweden were found to be allergic to the oxidized form of linalool." Linalool - Comprehensive data sheet - PDF LINALOOL - Skin Deep: Cosmetic Safety Reviews - cosmeticsdatabase Is Limonene and Linalool (Citrus Peel Extracts) safe around humans? "Contain insecticidal compounds that kill many insect pests, e.g., fire ants, and fleas, but may be of low toxicity to mammals". Linalool (3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol) (128838) Fact Sheet Linalool, A Common Essential Oil Constituent, Shown to have Anti-cancer capabilities?

DEET - (N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide) - Mosquito Repellent

DEET eats through many artificial fiber fabrics. paints & plastics. (higher concentrations of) DEET can melt the plastic in your sunglasses. Poisoning by DEET Picaridin vs. DEET: Face-off The Insect Repellent DEET - Pesticides - US EPA DEET Side effects of - CDC.gov Includes brief contrast of Safety and Acceptability of Picaridin to DEET DEET and PICARIDIN, themselves, are NOT comedogenic, BUT most products containing either DEET or PICARIDIN ARE comedogenic (at least the ones I keep finding). These cases would suggest that it is prudent to wash DEET from the skin surface before sleeping DEET - GENERAL FACT SHEET - PDF - NPIC - National Pesticide Information Center DEET - Wikipedia DEET.com DEET - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information

DEET - CORROSIVE - CAN EAT / MELT / DISOLVE THESE MATERIALS

I am not a chemist. I don't know if these things are true.

You use this information AT YOUR OWN RISK - I am not responsible.

DEET SELLERS of

DEET Information (below) from this link Kevin Corr has posted a synopsis of the Consumer Reports research several times. Naturally, they tested only brands commonly found in the US. None-the-less, you can infer certain facts. According to: Kevin Corr, Cousumer Reports says: keeping in mind it's really nasty stuff that eats plastic. DEET eats through many artificial fiber fabrics & paints. The % of deet was a bigger factor than brand. They assigned a % score for comparison: 3M 98% deet = 92% score (but recommends to not use it!) Sawyer Jungle Juice 100 Insect Repellent - 98.11% DEET - REI They say "A little goes a long way so use sparingly—only 4 - 6 drops per application" Deep Woods Off 34% deet = 72% score Cutter 30% deet = 70% score Ben's 30% deet = 67% score Repel 20 % deet = 55% score Repel Sun & Bug 20% deet = 54% score Off 7% deet = 33% score They have tested the non deet ones too. Re- ConsumerReports.org Edited by: KevinCorr Insect Repellents with DEET - Amazon Avon SKIN SO SOFT Bug Guard Plus IR3535 EXPEDITION SPF 30 Pump Spray - Amazon SKIN SO SOFT Bug Guard Plus IR3535 - Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus IR3535 Gentle Breeze™ SPF 30 Sunscreen Lotion REPEL - 55% DEET - UK Repel 100 Deet Insect Repellent - 120ml - UK Repel 1 oz. 100% DEET Insect Repellent (Pump) - Bizrate Adventure Medical Bens 30(%) Deet Repellent - Backcountry.com Ben's 30 Percent DEET Tick and Insect Repellent Wipes - Mountaingear.com

GERANIOL - derived from Geraniums

I have read HIGHLY Conflicting views on this ingredient (Geraniol). GERANIOL - Fragrance Ingredient; MASKING; TONIC - cosmeticsdatabase Bug Band Is There Evidence that Geraniol Causes Allergic Contact Dermatitis? Efficacy of the Botanical Repellents Geraniol, Linalool, and Citronella Against Mosquitoes Non-Food Allergy - Geraniol Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments and ..

INSECTICIDE SELLERS (for use near people)

REI - Gear, Equipment and Clothing for an Outdoor Life Raleigh REI Store (3.4) miles 4291 The Circle at North Hills Raleigh, NC 27609 (919) 571-5031 The Safari Store - UK The Safari Store 99-109 Lavender Hill, London Tel +44 (0) 207 585 2040 Email steve@thesafaristore.co.uk Vermont's barre Army Navy AND CHECK YOUR USUAL STORES.

IR3535 is a synthetic insect repellent

3-[N-Butyl-N-acetyl]-aminopropionic acid, ethyl ester

IR3535 is labeled for use against mosquitoes, ticks, and biting flies - emedicine USDA Laboratories: "IR3535 provided only 6-75 minutes of complete protection against mosquito bites, and 25% IR3535 was 1/8-1/100 as effective as 25% DEET when tested against mosquitoes." EPA - IR3535 has been used as an insect repellent in Europe for 20 years with no substantial adverse effects R3535 is not harmful when ingested, inhaled, or used on skin. Eye irritation could occur if the chemical enters a person's eyes. IR3535 is an insect repellent found in some Avon Skin So Soft products. "IR3535 is a synthetic insect repellent that is additionally classified as biopesticide". 3-[N-Butyl-N-acetyl]-aminopropionic acid, ethyl ester (113509 ... CDC - Repellency of IR3535, KBR3023, para-menthane-3,8-diol, and DEET against SAND FLEAS Repellency of IR3535, KBR3023, para-menthane-3,8-diol, and Deet to FLORIDA MOSQUITOS (not African, South American,...) Prolonged Efficacy of IR3535 Repellents Against Mosquitoes and Blacklegged Ticks in North America Laboratory testing of the insect repellents IR3535® and DEET SEEMS TO CONTRADICT THE USDA? - Merck IR3535 Insect Repellent: tough on bugs, easy on you SKIN SO SOFT Bug Guard Plus IR3535 Gentle Breeze™ SPF 30 ... - Avon Company Amazon.com: Avon SKIN SO SOFT Bug Guard Plus IR3535 EXPEDITION SPF 30 Pump Spray

MALARIA - Click here for information about MALARIA

METOFLUTHRIN - Insecticide repellent NOT applied to human skin

METOFLUTHRIN is CONTAINED IN OFF's INSECT REPELLENT FAN

RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF OFF's CLIP-ON INGREDIENT, METHOFLUTHIN

Metofluthrin, like other pyrethroids, is neurotoxic in rats, rabbits, and dogs - EPA. Poisoning by METOFLUTHRIN Consumer Reports just (August 2010) reviewed the OFF Clip-on and said it wasn't as effective as sprays (which sprays, I wonder?). Note that Pyrethoids are often used in Citronella Candles - ones you are probably using right now to repel misquitoes from your BBQ. Indented text is quoted from the link listed above it. OFF! Clip-On Mosquito Repellent uses Metofluthrin. The August 2010 issue of Consumer Reports states that this did did such a bad job of repelling mosquitoes, that Consumer Reports pulled it from their mosquito Repellent tests, early on in the tests. My own experience with the OFF! Clip-On Mosquito Repellent, in my NC yard, is that it seems to protect you below where you wear it (on your belt), but I was bitten by at least eight (8) mosquitoes (mostly on my arms), in the first minute, as soon as I stepped under a small, low hanging tree branch in the side of my yard. I still intend to take and use the OFF! Clip-On Mosquito Repellent on our African Safaris, but I will use other Repellents at the same time. OFF Clip-on mosquito protection - Uses two 1.5 volt AA alkaline batteries. OFF! Clip-On Mosquito Repellent READ The Precautions (in the above link - Click "Precautions". "Be sure to wash hands after handling." Stupidly (my opinion), it is Dark Blue, an attractant for Tsetse Flies (a daytime menace) - I will repaint mine to a light tan. I will opt to use it (my opinions) - NOT in safari vehicles NOT in our rooms (any enclosed space) ONLY while outside Keep the fumes OFF of any Food. NOT store it near Heat or Flames. Nor let fumes near heat or flames. IT BLOWS DOWNWARD - so don't use it if your legs or feet are bare (opinion). SAFARI THOUGHTS (Mine - opinions) Will Lions by attracted/offended by any smell? Will the noise (if there is any) of the battery operated fan, scare or even attract unwanted lion attention? For additional information in case of emergency, call toll free 800-558-5252 Metofluthrin - fact sheet and risk assessment - EPA Metofluthrin - Registration of OFF! Insect Repellent Fan The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) classified metofluthrin as “likely to be carcinogenic to humans.” The Agency assumed that the OFF! Repellent Fan would be used 12 hours per day, 12 times per year. Percent landing reductions over control subjects ranged from 84% to 100%, with most points of evaluation demonstrating 100% reduction. In the Florida study, percent landing reduction ranged from 59% to 100% when evaluated in the first, sixth and twelfth hours of operation. Overall, the risks posed by the OFF! Repellent Fan and OFF! Repellent Fan Refills products appear to be low - BUT WHAT ABOUT DAILY USE ON A SAFARI? 19 symptoms of Metofluthrin Poisioning Chemical poisoning - Metofluthrin Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments OFF! Clip-On Mosquito Repellent Public Report 2007-6, Metofluthrin - PDF U.S. laboratory and field trials of metofluthrin - NIH.gov These results demonstrate that metofluthrin-treated emanators are highly effective at repelling mosquitoes. FIELD EVALUATION OF SPATIAL REPELLENCY OF METOFLUTHRIN IMPREGNATED ... - PDF Metofluthrin - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory Metofluthrin in New Mosquito repeller toxic to dogs - DoggySnaps The effects of sustained release metofluthrin on the biting ... In the room treated with metofluthrin the majority of mosquitoes died and a spillover effect into the neighboring room caused greater than one-third mortality of the mosquitoes. Metofluthrin could be used to prevent dengue transmission within a household - NOT SURE THAT IS SAFE. Field Evaluation of Repellency of Metofluthrin-Impregnated Plastic Strips Against Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes in Tanzania Very effective. Lethal and repellent effects of transfluthrin and metofluthrin What is the active ingredient metofluthrin? Buy Products Sell Chemicals Metofluthrin insecticides Metofluthrin

OIL of LEMON EUCALYPTUS - OLE - a Repellent (also: "PMD")

OLE's Active ingredient: p-menthane 3,8-diol (PMD) OIL of LEMON EUCALYPTUS has NOT been scientifically tested OUTSIDE of the USA, so it is NOT recommended for use outside of the USA. How to Use Lemon Eucalyptus Oil as an Insect Repellent - eHow.com Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus - Mosquitoes 101 p-Menthane-3,8-diol (011550) Fact Sheet Repel Lemon Eucalyptus (40%) Pump Insect Repellent - 4 Oz - $7.75 - REI - ****1/2 Check the reviews on this site (all positive, used in Honduras,Alaska, Malasia, Phillipines,Singapore, Jungles of India and Central America,...) Mosi-guard (mosquito repellent) - contains OLE The active ingredient in Mosi-guard Natural is Citriodiol, a naturally occurring extract of lemon eucalyptus oil. Mosi-guard comes in five presentations, including a Pump Spray, Roll on, Cream, Stick and Aerosol Spray, each offering the same level of protection.

PERIPREL - Repellent

Mosquito repellent – called Periprel - SA 4x4 Community Forum ...

PERMETHRIN Insecticide - keep off your skin

Permethrin is an insecticide often used to treat safari clothes, in-order-to kill mosquitoes. Do not use to treat underwear, hats, caps or inner clothing. Permethrin and Pyrethrum Insecticides - What's The Difference? I got this information, below, from somewhere, last week, and I'm trying to find the correct link, sot that I can give credit to the correct people (the "I" is NOT the author of THIS web site): I have used permethrin on clothing once when we went to the Amazon and seemed to work. Normally I'm a magnet for mosquitoes and never got bitten (put on DEET too). Had also the problem of not finding a solution ready for spraying on the clothes and ended up going to the pharmacist, got some permethine solution and diluted it in water in a 0.25% concentration. Peripel seems to be 0.19% and there are other products on the market like Nomad Bugproof and Sawyer Permethrine that have 0.5% concentration which it might be too much, that's used for the military. No-one seems to really know the exact safety threshold but from what I've seen around 0.20-0.25% seems to be the consensus for normal civilian use considering that this stuff actually is an insecticide, toxic in high concentrations and absorbed by the skin. Pyrethrin and Permethrin Toxicity in Dogs and Cats Using Permethrin To Prevent Tick Bites Insecticide-treated clothing fights malaria Pretreated Insect Repellent Clothing: Insect Repellents | eHow.com Malaria Journal | Full text | Use of insecticide-treated clothes Health Advisory: Tick and Insect Repellents Repel 32600 6 oz Permanone Clothing & Gear Insect Repellent Just be aware that the going rate for a can of this stuff is $6-8, not $15 as at Amazon. Sawyer Permethrin Pump Spray - 24 oz.

PICARIDIN (KBR3023, or Bayrepel) - REPELLENT

PICARIDIN & DEET are the most effective mosquito repellents for use outside of the USA (Oil of Eucalyptus has not been tested outside the USA). "Unlike DEET, Picaridin is odorless, does not feel greasy or sticky, is less likely to irritate the skin, and does not damage plastics or fabrics". - medicalletter.org Picaridin is a petroleum based (Oily) chemical, which if left on for long periods, may contribute to acne. DEET and PICARIDIN, themselves, are NOT comedogenic, BUT most products containing either DEET or PICARIDIN ARE comedogenic (at least the ones I keep finding). YOU WANT THE 20% PICARIDIN (the highest legal concentration here in the USA. Poisoning by PICARIDIN (NOT very likely) Picaridin vs. DEET: Face-off "Round-up of several studies in Australia: Concludes that picaridin in concentration of 19.2 percent was as effective as the same concentration of DEET. Consumer Reports: Found that 7 percent picaridin is as effective as 10 percent DEET." scroll down to INSECT BITE PREVENTION Picaridin - US EPA, Picaridin Factsheet - PDF Picaridin Technical Fact Sheet Includes brief contrast of Safety and Acceptability of Picaridin to DEET Cutter 15% Picaridin Advanced Sport Aerosol 6 oz - #.97 - ***** Cutter 53663 Advanced 6-Ounce 5.75% Picaridin Insect Repellent Pump Spray - $9.63 - 7% Picaridin - 11.2 Oz - **** Premium Insect Repellent 20% PICARIDIN - 3 Oz spray - $ 7.81 - **** Natrapel Picaridin (20%) Insect Repellent - 3.5 fl. oz - $6.95 - REI Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus Picaridin Pump Spray - 4 fl. oz - $14 - Picaridin 10.0%

POISONING by Insecticides

The National Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) can be called from anywhere in the United States. Bug spray poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Discovery Health "Bug Sprays - Medical Dictionary"

ALLETHRIN Poisoning

Mosquito Coil (Allethrin) Poisoining in Two Brothers - PDF Chemical poisoning -- Allethrin Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments ... D-trans Allethrin - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory .. WHO SPECIFICATIONS AND EVALUATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PESTICIDES d ... - PDF Allethrin is slightly toxic by dermal absorption and ingestion

CONCEAL (LINALOOL) Poisoning

LINALOOL Fragrance Ingredient; DEODORANT; MASKING - cosmeticsdatabase

DEET Poisoning

DEET Repellent Fact Sheet CAROLINE COX / Journal of Pesticide DEET - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information INGESTION of DEET - Poisoning Symptoms: Moderate-to-severe stomach irritation Nausea Vomiting NEUROLOGICAL DAMAGE is the most serious DEET complication: Possible disorientation, clumsiness when walking, seizures, or coma. Death is possible in these cases Deet (OFF!) - Summary of Adverse Health Effecrs in Children and Adults

GERANIOL Poisoning

I have seen nothing about actual poisoning cases caused by GERANIOL. Some "authorities" suspect that Geraniol may have adverse side effects. Some "Authorities" are concerned that Geraniol may cause Allergies Non-Food Allergy - Geraniol Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments and ..

METOFLUTHRIN Poisoning

19 symptoms of Metofluthrin Poisoning Chemical poisoning - Metofluthrin Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments

PICARIDIN Poisoning

Picaridin is NOT known to be toxic if properly used. Picaridin is classified as slightly toxi if ingested. Picaridin - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information Picaridin is classified as slightly toxi if ingested "The U.S. EPA placed picaridin in Category III, slightly toxic, for acute dermal and ocular exposure."

PYRETHRIN Poisoning

Poisoning - For pyrethrins (scroll down) Breathing difficulty Coughing Loss of alertness due to imbalance in oxygen level Tremors (if a large amount is swallowed) Seizures (if a large amount is swallowed) Upset stomach Vomiting Pyrethrin and Permethrin Toxicity in Dogs and Cats

RID - An Australian insect Repellent - said to also work on Tsetse Flies

I asked Steve, steve@thesafaristore.co.uk, what he recommended for a month of safaris in various African countries, and he had this to say: "I recommend that you take the RID Tropical Insect Repellent Spray, which is the best repellent available today for all flying insects, and the only one proven to work against tsetse flies. I usually recommend that clients take one bottle each per 7 days on safari – the amount you will use will depend on the number of insects you encounter while on safari and does vary. I personally would rather return with repellent left over than run out while on safari." - Steve @ The Safari Store Spray RID on your hands, then spead it on your face." - Steve @ The Safari Store RID TROPICAL STRENGTH INSECT REPELLENT CONTAINS: 19.5% DEET plus two additional repellents, including a FLY repellent, Antiseptic to kill a wide range of bacteria, Vitamin E for moisturizing, Chamomile for its soothing relief, and Triclosan (an anti-bacterial/ inflammatory agent). They say: "RID will protect you from all biting bugs (mosquitoes, sand flies midges, ticks, fleas and TSETSE flies), mosquito borne diseases, and those pesky flies, ants and leeches, just as it has been doing for the last 50 years" To order RID Tropical Insect Repellent Spray from The Safari Store (UK) - £8.50 ~= $12.91 USD To order RID Tropical Insect Repellent ROLL-ON from The Safari Store (UK) - £8.50 ~= $12.91 USD RID Medicated Insect Repellent - Company History RID Medicated Insect Repellent - rid.com.au RID Insect Repellent - Wikipedia RID on Facebook RID Insect Repellent claims to be effective against the Tsetse Fly RID - Information about

MOSQUITO NETTING

Indoor/Outdoor Home Mosquito Netting, "hats" & Bed Canopies mosquito-netting.com GET CHEMICALLY TREATED MOSQUITO NETTING Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets and Malaria Prevention: Weighing the Benefits, Naming the Benefactors Mosquito Netting Tips Mosquito Netting- Safe and Effective Protection Against Mosquito Bites RBM - Insecticide-treated mosquito nets Mosquito net - Wikipedia INSECTICIDE-TREATED MOSQUITO NETS: a WHO Position Statement

PYRETHRIN - INSECTICIDE

Pyrethrins are considered one of the least toxic insecticides to mammals. They are biodegradable and break down with exposure to light. Inhaling high levels of pyrethrum may bring about asthmatic breathing, sneezing, nasal stuffiness, headache, nausea, incoordination, tremors, convulsions, facial flushing and swelling, and burning and itching sensations. - Pyrethrins - Cornell Pyrethrin - Wikipedia The natural pyrethrins are contact poisons - Cornell EXTOXNET PIP - PYRETHRINS AND PYRETHROIDS Pyrethrin and Permethrin Toxicity in Dogs and Cats

Pyrethrum Insecticide

Permethrin and Pyrethrum Insecticides - What's The Difference? Pyrethrum / Pyrethrins Pyrethrum - Wikipedia Pyrethrum A Natural Insecticide Pyrethrin insecticide information - Pyrethrum - Pyrethrins Pyrethrum Spray Concentrate- is the formula used in Mosquito ... Pyrethrum Insecticide

WEST NILE VIRUS

West Nile Virus - GoogleHealth West Nile Virus - CDC West Nile Virus - What You Need To Know - CDC West Nile Virus - wikipedia West Nile Virus: MedlinePlus West Nile virus - MayoClinic.com West Nile Virus - National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) West Nile Virus - mosquitoes101

MOSQUITO (electrified) SWATTERS (Zappers)

They convert battery power to a higher eletric voltage and fry the criiters. Well - they DO WORK - at least the older model that we found - it takes Two 'D' Cells, unlike most of the news ones, that seem to take two 'AA' cells. BugKwikZap Bug Zapper Kill area = 52cm = 20 1/2 inches x cm 21 = 8.3 Inches. BugKwikZap Bug Zapper Electric Fly Swatter

TSETSE FLIES

Untamed Kafue Says: "These TSETSE flies only live in Africa and are a notorious companion to a visitor of Kafue National Park (the largest park in Zambia). They breed along rivers and streams. They are active during the day and feed exclusively on blood. Unlike most biting flies, where only the female feeds on blood, both male and female tsetse flies are blood suckers. Tsetse flies are common in heavily wooded areas in the park, so to avoid a quite painful sting, keep vehicle windows closed when going through the woodlands. A tin of insect repellent and fly swatter will come in handy. Some lodges in the park will give a sign for you to stop a good 100m or so before your camp site and make sure you have killed all the flies. Local initiatives to control Tsetse flies include burning elephant dung in a tin at the back of open safari vehicles, but it's not as easy with a closed vehicle. A 30% Dettol, 70% water mix in an atomizer also seems to help. It’s essential to wear khaki - no dark clothes, not even socks. Periprel can also help. Once you've been bitten a couple of times, you realize they're not that bad - keep a suction pump and some Stingose handy." RID claims to be effective against Tsetse flies. Africa - Tsetse Flies - UEN "There are 22 different species of tsetse fly, and they live only in Africa. These flies are slightly larger than a horsefly." CNN - Battling the deadly bite of the tsetse fly Tsetse fly - Wikipedia