BEV-EV-FCEV-FCV-FFV-HEC-HFCV-ICE-ICEV-PEV-PHEV-HYDROGEN-Vehicles.txt    8/11/2023

<b>BEV / Bidirectional / EV / FCEV / FCV / FFV / HEV / HFCV / ICE / ICEV / PHEV / V2H</b>

<a href="https://auto.howstuffworks.com/hybrid-car.htm"><b>How Hybrid Cars Work</b></a>

<a href="https://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-models/plug-in-hybrids/plug-in-hybrid-car.htm"><b>How Plug-in Hybrid Cars Work - WAYYYYYY TOO OLD</b></a>
<a name=BEV></a>BEV 	Battery Electric Vehicle. The most common vehicle without a tailpipe.
        The first of these did have very little range on a full charge due to the price of batteries,
           or were very expensive. Now, however, most new models have at least an acceptable range and
           are priced in the middle of the market.

<a name=BIDIRECTIONAL></a>bidirectional - Can both be charged and be the charger
Bidirectional charging works exactly like it sounds: with unidirectional (one-way) EV chargers,
   electricity flows from the electric grid into the electric vehicle; with bidirectional
   (two-way) EV chargers, electricity can flow both ways. 

<a name=EV></a><a href="https://cleantechnica.com/2020/10/13/whats-an-ev-whats-an-ice-whats-a-c-segment-car/"><b>What’s An EV? What’s An ICE? What’s A C-Segment Car?</b></a>
   Vehicle Powertrains

<a name=FCEV></a>FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle) (also called HFCV or FCV)
<a name=FCV></a>FCV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle) (also called HFCV or FCEV)

<a name=FFV></a>FFV 	Fossil Fuel Vehicle. All vehicles with a tailpipe.

<a name=HEV></a>HEV 	Hybrid Electric Vehicle. This is a 100% FFV, with no plug but with increased efficiency using a small battery and some technology borrowed from electric vehicles. They are also called “electrified vehicles” or “self charging” vehicles. Some types are “Mild Hybrids,” if they borrow the absolute minimum from electric vehicles. Pioneered by Toyota and Honda, HEVs are now widely used by others to reach EU emission targets.

<a name=HFCV></a>HFCV 	Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle – Also called FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle) or FCV.
   It has a water outlet that is called a tailpipe.
   It is the remnant of hope among some that hydrogen could one day replace gasoline as the main
      source of energy for road transport. HFCVs have been 5 years in the future for the past 30 years.
      About 20 years ago, batteries became more promising, and 10 years ago, batteries started to conquer
      the market. HFCVs really do not have much of a future left in most of the world,
      BUT this may change according to Toyota

<a name=ICE></a>ICE 	Internal Combustion Engine. (Also used by some for the vehicle.)
<a name=ICEV></a>ICEV 	Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle.

<a name=PEV></a>PEV 	Plugin Electric Vehicle. The combination of both plugin hybrids (PHEVs) and tailpipe-less battery electric vehicles (BEVs).

<a name=PHEV></a>PHEV 	Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicle. This is not a 100% FFV vehicle. The driver has the opportunity to use electricity from the grid for limited driving. The driving is limited in range and often also performance.
   The battery is a bit larger than those used in HEVs.
   The PHEV best can be an alternative for those visiting the outskirts of habitation, like Northern Finland or parts of Canada, regions without charging infrastructure or an electric grid.
   The pure electric range is mostly between 10–30 miles, but longer range is starting to become less exceptional.
   Some call these vehicles Pure Electric Vehicles (PEV), which causes confusion with the next acronym.

<a name=V2H></a>V2H  	bidirectional vehicle-to-home (V2H) charging capabilities

SEE ALSO:

   http://www.woodsmall.com/North-Ridge-Hybrids,-Electric-Vehicles-&-Battery-Technology.htm
   https://www.theverge.com/2023/8/8/23823166/gm-ev-bidirectional-charging-vehicle-to-home